SUMMARY CHAP 17: CREATIVITY AND VISUAL DESIGN

ENG 93, CHAPTER 17

SUMMARY: CREATIVITY AND VISUAL DESIGN


Visual design can be defined as the process of generating and structuring messages using drawings, photos, and other graphics. Visual designs are appropriate for oral presentations, training sessions, web pages, reports, and proposals. Before choosing a visual channel, consider all the information you want to share with your audience. Matching the goal of your message with the purpose of the visual can help us to choose the bet channel to use. There are several elements to consider when developing a visual message, such as contrast, balance, rhythm, and unity. The grid approach organizes the placement of visual elements on a page within a graphic design. To avoid distraction of the audience during the presentation, focus on the audience and not on the presentation. Contrast is the varied level of difference and emphasis among symbols, shapes, colors, and tones. Balance is symmetry; rhythm refers to the positioning of the elements that allows the viewer’s eyes to gaze at certain aspects of the design before others. Unity is the use of visual elements that belong together or are similar.
Infographics can be defined as graphic images that are informational or explanatory. When designing infographics it is important to determine the size, visibility, and the placement of your visual elements. There is two type of information used in infographic: quantitive and qualitive. Quantitive infographics use numerical or statistical information in condensed visual formats such as tables, charts, and graphs. Qualitive infographics present text or narrative information in visual formats including flow charts, maps, and diagrams. By creating visual image, we need to be wary of any information that may be embellished, distorted, or misleading.

RECOMMENDATION'S LETTER

Mai 2nd, 2009

LINCOLN UNIVERSITY
SAN FRANCISCO, USA
401 15th Street,
Oakland, CA 94612

LETTER OF RECOMMENDATION OF JORDAN OBY WHO WANT TO BE ADMITTED IN MBA PROGRAM AT LINCOLN UNIVERSITY

To whom it may concern,

I am pleasure to support Mr. JORDAN OBY’s application for the Master of Business Administration at LINCOLN UNIVERSITY.
I was the Financial Manager of TMJR LTD in CAMEROON for five years. I am currently attending MBA in Financial Management and Investment Banking at Lincoln University. I worked with JORDAN OBY at Douala in TMJR LTD Company for two years (from 2004 to 2006) before leaving to USA.

During the two years I worked with him, Mr. JORDAN OBY showed his adaptability as his manage accounting very well. I appreciated his great sense of rigor, organization and initiative, as well as his assiduity and creativity
At the end of year 2005, he represented and defended our Company close to the Tax Administration and the success has been complete.
So, I would like to recommend him, in view of the above qualities, for the MBA in International Business in your University.

If you have any question or want additional information regarding this recommendation’s letter, feel free to contact at kmardoche@yahoo.fr or call me at 510 772 1614


Faithfully,


MARDOCHE KAPSEU KONTCHEU

RESUME

Mardoche Kontcheu Kapseu
184, 13th Street Oakland CA-94612
510 772 1614, leaoby@gmail.com

Objective

A position offering the opportunity to utilize my professional financial expertise, extensive business experience, and ability to interact with senior management and with business community.

Experience

Feb 2009, HTIR Vallejo, CA, USA
Assistant Manager
Assisting manager in the intake of US Employment Workshop program

2005–Jan 2009 TMJR LTD Douala, Cameroon

Financial Manager
§ Supervise management controls and set orientations and indicators to put in place for reporting.
§ Evaluate the company financial needs and look for the necessary support from banks plan and negotiate loans.
§ Interpreting financial and sales data, preparing forecasts, and managing budgets.

§ Review the work of two other accountant
§ Month-end close and prepare audit work papers
§ Managing tax declaration and payment

2002 - 2005 CIA - Consulting Douala, Cameroon

Chief Accountant
§ Finance and accounts assistance and advice mission.
§ Assistance coach for training seminars.
§ Analysis of the profitability of investment projects.
§ Assisting in stockholding decision making or general headquarters.


Education

2009, LINCOLN UNIVERSITY Sanfrancisco, CA
§ MBA in Financial Management and Investment Banking

2003 – 2006 UNIVERSITY OF DOUALA Douala, Cameroon
§ MBA in Management and Human Resource Management
§ Master ‘s Degree in Accounting and Finance
§ B.A. Management Sciences
§ GCE Advance Level in Letter and Philosophy.

Skills
Fluent in French, proficient in Microsoft Office (word, excel…), SAGE Management software; QuickBooks Pro; excellent presentation and communication skills.

Activities

Member of judiciary and committee of GICAM; Permanent secretary of FSEGA (Faculty of Management and Economics Sciences of University of Douala).
Good experience in teaching as a second job in my country.

BUSINESS OF CHANGE AND CONFLICT

ENGLISH 93

SUMMARY CHAPTER 14, THE BUSINESS OF CHANGE AND CONFLIT

This chapter teaches us how to manage change in the organization. Organizational change means modify the way the company conducts business and performs work tasks, which means breakdown of business as usual. Changes are peoples who facilitate the coordination of change an effort. The mains reasons organization changes are: competition, changing consumer demands, globalization, and change of management. When change happens, employees often become confused and insecure. Employees experience great distress when they perceive a communication vacuums. A communication vacuums happens when information about the change is not shared with employees. The result is often flurry of rumors on the company grapevine, growing anxiety, and even resistance. Resistance means that employees of various ranks may ignore or attempt to block the change effort. Resistance is justified by factor like fear, interruption of routine, loss of faith, trust, and personal investment, feeling that past efforts are meaningless. Change communication can reduce resistance through multidirectional message and multimedia communication.

A natural outgrowth of change is conflict. Conflict is an event expressed through communication when individuals or groups behave in ways that indicate they have incompatible position or goals. Productive and positive aspects of conflict include increased understanding of individual, enhanced innovation, heightened creativity, better ideas, improved relationships, and more useful problem solving. Conflict communication skills include active listening, verbal diplomacy, and interpersonal flexibility. There are four types of conflict: communication conflicts, social view conflicts, fundamental interest conflicts, and business conflicts. Traditional conflict strategies involve negotiation which is a give-and-take technique to achieve accord through a process of compromise or the offering of proposals and counterproposals.

Transformative communication in a conflict focuses on interaction and relationship building by reframing the terms and concepts of conflict.

BUSINESS OF CHANGE AND CONFLICT

MAP CHAPTER 14

Business Plan Steps

ENG 93
BUSINESS PLAN STEPS


1. Title page

2. Executive summary

3. Table of content

4. Business concept

5. The market

a) Total potential market
b) Target market
c) Competition analysis
d) Marketing plan

6. Management

7. Financial overview
i. Income statement forecasts
ii. Cash flow forecasts
iii. Balance sheet forecasts

8. Appendix

ENG 93, Map Chap 9

ENG 93, MAP CHAP 9, DIRECT AND INDIRECT COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES

ENG 93, Summary Chap 9

ENG 93: BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

SUMMARY CHAPTER 9: Direct and Indirect Communication Strategies

Direct and indirect strategies are both used to deliver message to the audience. Direct strategy is used when the message is likely and neutral. Indirect strategy is used when the message is negative and unpleasant. The goal of both, direct and indirect strategies is to maintain the audience’s comfort and goodwill.

The components of direct strategy are: main idea, justification and explanation detail, courtesy close. To use direct strategy to deliver message, we have to use simple and clear language, but at the same time be polite and diplomatic. Avoid being too blunt. Sometime, direct strategy is used for request for information or action, claim and positive adjustment, good news, goodwill, and social message. On some occasion, the direct strategy is used for negative messages, especially if the audience may miss the bad news otherwise or if it is not directly damaging to the audience.

However, if the message being delivered may upset the audience or if persuasion is required before the audience will accept it the indirect strategy is usually a better design choice.
For writing indirect message, we have to follow the following steps:
1. Begin by a buffer
2. Follow the buffer with the reasons for refusal
3. Deliver the bad news
4. Finish the message with a positive close

When designing indirect message, you have to:
1. Avoid apologies
2. Resist to attempt to anticipate news problem
3. Avoid to encourage further communication
4. Avoid sounding insecure
5. Avoid to blame
6. Avoid using filler.

The goals of persuasive indirect message are to get attention with a hook that interest the audience enough to keep them listening to or reading the entire message; arouse interest, which builds the audience’s sense of anticipation; arouse desire, which creates in the audience a sense of need and push for action by explaining how the audience can fulfill the need introduce in the desire stage.
We distinguish the following type of indirect message: denial, collection and social refusal.

BCOM Summary Chapter 7

CHAPTER 7: DISIGNING ORAL PRESENTATION

SUMMARY

In this chapter, we learn how to deliver a speech. A topic speech can be whether predetermined or select. The selection of topic is done from your skill, interest or current event. Speech can be informative, persuasive, requesting and entertaining. Before delivering a speech, you should analyze your audience in oder to customize your presentation: Find out why people will gather to hear your speech, the physical location at which speech will be delivered, and the time constraints involved. A speech should be clear, language should be personalized, grammar sentence should be adapted; you should avoid jargon and active voice.
A speech should have and introduction, a body, and an conclusion. The introduction should get the audience’s attention by something like anecdote, humor; establish your credibility; and make the connection among you, the audience and the occasion. The body of speech should describe, explain or demonstrate the main ideas through supportive secondary ideas. It should use one of these patterns: chronological, topical, spatial, cause and effect or problem and solution. The conclusion should connect main points, inspire a next step and give the sense of closure.

BCOM Map Chapter 7

BCOM Summary Chapter 8

CHAPTER 8: BUSINESS WRITING DESIGN

SUMMARY

In this chapter we learn how to write and design a message. We saw that process of writing includes brainstorming and prewriting, gathering information, outlining and drafting, revising, editing and proofreading.
All these steps are linked; prewriting develop the initial idea of the message; gathering information supports that idea; strategy focuses the idea on the reader and message’s purpose; outlining and drafting create an overall design the message; revising refines and clarifies the message and editing and proofreading prepare the message for transmission to the audiences.
In the chapter, we saw that the best business writing style use positive expressions, concrete language and grammatically correct sentences. Among the writing business, we have E-mail message, Memo and Letter. All have the same structure: introduction, body and close. However, there is some differences in the content. The e-mail contrary to memo and letter, are usually very short.
Memos are internal within the business and contain one topic only. The subject line of a memo is critical because it’s determine the audience’s priority and initial response; while letter can communicate request, claims, adjustments, rejections, reports, sales information, and goodwill. It’s helpful to start in some case your message with the word ‘’you’’. Before writing a message, think about the “You View”. That means that your writing is focused on the interest of readers.

BCOM Map Chapter 8

Letter of Introduction

My name is Mardoche K . KAPSEU an international student from Cameroon at Lincoln University. I have three brothers and two sisters. My father is a Manager of a company and my mother is Assistant Manager in a college. My sister, who is the oldest of our family is working in bank. The others are at University.

After my Master's degree in 2004 in Accounting in Finance in University of Douala in Cameroon, I have been recruited by a company of building and public work as Chief Accountant. Two years after, I was promoted as Financial Manager. Suddenly, I realize that I cannot able to do my new work correctly if I can't complete my training. So when I continuous to work, I went back to University and got at the end of year 2006 a MBA in Human Resource Management.

Three years after, that is to say at the end of year 2008, I realize that I cannot achieve my goals and get better salary in my country if I can't speak currently French and English and if I don't get a Graduate Degree in a foreign and develop country.My ambition after my graduation is to go back home and get a job and salary which can reflect my goals, but especially to take part at training of young people’s in order to give them opportunity to achieve their goals.

My hobbies are to watching TV and plays football.


Mardoche K. KAPSEU

BCOM Summary Chapter 6

Businness Communication: Summary Chapter 6

Verbal communication can be defined as the use of language, symbols to deliver meaningful message. To convey our meaning to a specific audience and within a specific context, we use a particular verbal style. Words have both a denotative and connotative meaning. Speech rules are a set of oral and written speech conventions in message exchange. Individual who are members of a specific community use jargon to des cribe concepts and tool used in their particular field. If we believe we are communicating clearly but our audience still misunderstands the message goals, we may be using words, phrases, or strategies that limit or undermine our meaning.
Communication apprehension is fear or anxiety we experience when face with certain type of communication interaction. Persuasion is a process by which a communication attempts to influence another person's behavior, belief, or attitudes.

An argumen attempts to inffluence behavior, beliefs or attitudes through the use of reasons that support a claim. The process of making connection between ideas and evidence is called reasoning. We distinguish deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning. A one- side argument presents information from an issue. I can be effective with an audience that already agree with the arguments general principles. A two-side argument presente both side of an issue and can be more effective with audience that is hostile or ambivalent toward the message.

Assumption

MARDOCHEE K. KAPSEU

ENGLISH 75 – CHAPTER 5

Definition of assumption:

Assumption can be define as something we take for granted, something we accept prematurely as being true, something we do not check out carefully. Often, we do not recognize that we have made an assumption until it causes a problem for us.
Assumption can be conscious or unconscious, warranted or unwarranted. Unconscious and unwarranted assumptions can lead to faulty reasoning, whereas conscious and warranted assumptions can be useful tools for solving problems.
Hidden assumptions are unconscious assumptions that greatly influence a line of reasoning.